There are 100 questions in this mock HGV Theory Test practice assessment. You have 115 minutes to complete the test . You must get 85 out of 100 to pass. You may check answers after each question or wait until the end for your final score. Good luck!
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: In England and Wales, vehicles exceeding 7.5 tonnes maximum authorised mass are restricted to a maximum of 50 mph on single carriageway roads. In Scotland, this speed limit is 40 mph.
Explanation: In England and Wales, vehicles exceeding 7.5 tonnes maximum authorised mass are restricted to a maximum of 50 mph on single carriageway roads. In Scotland, this speed limit is 40 mph.
2. What's the speed limit on a dual carriageway when you're carrying a load that's 4.5 metres (14 feet 9 inches) wide?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Vehicles carrying loads between 4.3 metres (14 feet 1 inch) and 5 metres (16 feet 6 inches) wide are subject to lower speed limits. The limit depends on the type of road. On a motorway it's 40 mph (64 km/h), on a dual carriageway it's 35 mph (56 km/h), and on all other roads it's 30 mph (48 km/h).
Explanation: Vehicles carrying loads between 4.3 metres (14 feet 1 inch) and 5 metres (16 feet 6 inches) wide are subject to lower speed limits. The limit depends on the type of road. On a motorway it's 40 mph (64 km/h), on a dual carriageway it's 35 mph (56 km/h), and on all other roads it's 30 mph (48 km/h).
3. When would the driver of a car transporter need to be most aware of the front overhang of the trailer?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The long overhang at the front of a car transporter can cause problems where street furniture, such as lampposts and traffic signs, is sited close to junctions. Particular problems may be encountered when you're turning right and there are 'Keep left' bollards in the middle of the road you're turning into. Plan your route carefully to avoid such hazards.
Explanation: The long overhang at the front of a car transporter can cause problems where street furniture, such as lampposts and traffic signs, is sited close to junctions. Particular problems may be encountered when you're turning right and there are 'Keep left' bollards in the middle of the road you're turning into. Plan your route carefully to avoid such hazards.
4. What effect could a load of hanging meat carcasses cause when you drive around corners or bends?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: As you turn a corner, the hanging meat carcasses will all swing to one side of your vehicle, adding extra pulling force towards the outside of the curve. The faster you turn a corner, the greater this force will be. After the corner, the carcasses will continue to swing back and forth, like pendulums, making the vehicle unstable.
Explanation: As you turn a corner, the hanging meat carcasses will all swing to one side of your vehicle, adding extra pulling force towards the outside of the curve. The faster you turn a corner, the greater this force will be. After the corner, the carcasses will continue to swing back and forth, like pendulums, making the vehicle unstable.
5. What's the main reason for cleaning your wheels and tyres when you leave a building site?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If your wheels leave mud on the road, you must arrange for it to be cleared. A slippery, muddy surface could cause danger to other road users.
Explanation: If your wheels leave mud on the road, you must arrange for it to be cleared. A slippery, muddy surface could cause danger to other road users.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If you become aware that any part of your load is insecure, you must stop as soon as it's safe to do so. Resecure the load before continuing your journey. If this isn't possible, then you must seek assistance. Don't take risks.
Explanation: If you become aware that any part of your load is insecure, you must stop as soon as it's safe to do so. Resecure the load before continuing your journey. If this isn't possible, then you must seek assistance. Don't take risks.
7. You've finished recoupling. How should you make sure that the tractor and trailer are secure?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Make sure the locking mechanism is secure by selecting a low gear and attempting to move forward. Apply the parking brake again before leaving the cab. Connect the 'dog clip' to secure the kingpin release handle.
Explanation: Make sure the locking mechanism is secure by selecting a low gear and attempting to move forward. Apply the parking brake again before leaving the cab. Connect the 'dog clip' to secure the kingpin release handle.
8. What should you do when you're unable to see clearly while you're reversing into a loading bay?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Don't take chances when reversing in a confined space. It's too easy to crush or kill someone without knowing they're in danger. If in doubt, get help from a reliable person.
Explanation: Don't take chances when reversing in a confined space. It's too easy to crush or kill someone without knowing they're in danger. If in doubt, get help from a reliable person.
9. This lorry is turning right from the side road. What should the driver be especially aware of?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Parked vehicles near junctions can hide smaller road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists. Double-check before emerging with a large vehicle. If in doubt, move forward slowly into a position where you can safely have another look.
Explanation: Parked vehicles near junctions can hide smaller road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists. Double-check before emerging with a large vehicle. If in doubt, move forward slowly into a position where you can safely have another look.
10. Which load is most likely to move forward with some force when you brake sharply?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: When deciding which type of restraint to use, consider what may happen if you have to brake sharply. Tubular loads may move forward with some force if you have to brake sharply in an emergency. This could cause serious damage to the vehicle's headboard.
Explanation: When deciding which type of restraint to use, consider what may happen if you have to brake sharply. Tubular loads may move forward with some force if you have to brake sharply in an emergency. This could cause serious damage to the vehicle's headboard.
11. In what circumstances will short-wheelbase vehicles bounce more noticeably than long-wheelbase vehicles?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Short-wheelbase vehicles will bounce more noticeably than some long-wheelbase vehicles when empty. This can affect braking efficiency and all-round control.
Explanation: Short-wheelbase vehicles will bounce more noticeably than some long-wheelbase vehicles when empty. This can affect braking efficiency and all-round control.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Red diesel is subject to less excise duty than standard diesel, so it's considerably cheaper. It may only be used for authorised purposes. Any driver whose vehicle is found to be using this fuel illegally faces penalties.
Explanation: Red diesel is subject to less excise duty than standard diesel, so it's considerably cheaper. It may only be used for authorised purposes. Any driver whose vehicle is found to be using this fuel illegally faces penalties.
13. What should you do when you want to join a motorway where traffic is flowing freely?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Normally, you should avoid having to stop before joining a motorway. Use the slip road to build up your speed so that you can emerge safely. If it's extremely busy, there may be rare occasions when you have to stop and then filter into the traffic. This is most likely to happen where traffic is queuing; for example, at roadworks.
Explanation: Normally, you should avoid having to stop before joining a motorway. Use the slip road to build up your speed so that you can emerge safely. If it's extremely busy, there may be rare occasions when you have to stop and then filter into the traffic. This is most likely to happen where traffic is queuing; for example, at roadworks.
14. You're the driver of a fuel tanker. What danger should you be aware of when opening the tank hatches?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Take your time when you're using walkways at high levels. Spilt fuel can make the surface slippery and increase the risk of falling.
Explanation: Take your time when you're using walkways at high levels. Spilt fuel can make the surface slippery and increase the risk of falling.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Goods vehicles exceeding 2500 kg laden weight must always have their parking lights switched on when they're parked on the road at night. This includes parking in lay-bys: other drivers entering the lay-by must be able to see the vehicle.
Explanation: Goods vehicles exceeding 2500 kg laden weight must always have their parking lights switched on when they're parked on the road at night. This includes parking in lay-bys: other drivers entering the lay-by must be able to see the vehicle.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: An unladen vehicle that also has high sides will be vulnerable to the effects of strong side wind. An evenly distributed load will help to keep the vehicle more stable, but the higher the vehicle is, the more it will be affected. Be aware that such a vehicle may become unstable or difficult to control in windy conditions.
Explanation: An unladen vehicle that also has high sides will be vulnerable to the effects of strong side wind. An evenly distributed load will help to keep the vehicle more stable, but the higher the vehicle is, the more it will be affected. Be aware that such a vehicle may become unstable or difficult to control in windy conditions.
17. You're driving this box van and are waiting to turn right. What should you do just before turning?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Always make a final check in your mirrors and check your blind spots before you turn. Another driver or a motorcyclist may have committed themselves to overtaking traffic behind you before realising you intend to turn.
Explanation: Always make a final check in your mirrors and check your blind spots before you turn. Another driver or a motorcyclist may have committed themselves to overtaking traffic behind you before realising you intend to turn.
18. What must you do when you park a lorry weighing more than 7.5 tonnes on a verge for essential loading?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Goods vehicles with a maximum authorised mass of more than 7.5 tonnes (including any trailer) mustn't be parked on a verge without police permission. The only exception is when this is essential for loading and unloading. In these cases, the vehicle mustn't be left unattended.
Explanation: Goods vehicles with a maximum authorised mass of more than 7.5 tonnes (including any trailer) mustn't be parked on a verge without police permission. The only exception is when this is essential for loading and unloading. In these cases, the vehicle mustn't be left unattended.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: When working on a flat-bed or open curtain-sided vehicle, you should always be aware of your proximity to the edge of the platform. It's too easy to concentrate on moving and positioning the load, and lose sight of your own position. Stepping backwards could be fatal, so always make sure you're facing the edge as you approach it.
Explanation: When working on a flat-bed or open curtain-sided vehicle, you should always be aware of your proximity to the edge of the platform. It's too easy to concentrate on moving and positioning the load, and lose sight of your own position. Stepping backwards could be fatal, so always make sure you're facing the edge as you approach it.
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Engaging a lower gear and using engine braking will help you to control your speed as you're going downhill. This reduces the demands on the brakes, and helps to prevent them from overheating. This will reduce the likelihood of brake fade.
Explanation: Engaging a lower gear and using engine braking will help you to control your speed as you're going downhill. This reduces the demands on the brakes, and helps to prevent them from overheating. This will reduce the likelihood of brake fade.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Poorly maintained engines use more fuel and emit more exhaust fumes than those that are well maintained. Filters need to be changed on a regular basis. Remember that members of the public are encouraged to report vehicles emitting excessive exhaust fumes.
Explanation: Poorly maintained engines use more fuel and emit more exhaust fumes than those that are well maintained. Filters need to be changed on a regular basis. Remember that members of the public are encouraged to report vehicles emitting excessive exhaust fumes.
22. Your vehicle has a maximum authorised mass of 40 tonnes. The kerbside weight is 15 tonnes. What's your maximum payload?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Overloading a vehicle is dangerous. Your stopping distance will increase, and your vehicle could become unstable and difficult to control. You'll need to work out the payload. Do this by taking away the kerbside weight from the maximum authorised mass (MAM). This will give you the maximum weight you can carry.
Explanation: Overloading a vehicle is dangerous. Your stopping distance will increase, and your vehicle could become unstable and difficult to control. You'll need to work out the payload. Do this by taking away the kerbside weight from the maximum authorised mass (MAM). This will give you the maximum weight you can carry.
23. Your vehicle has a maximum authorised mass of 40 tonnes. The tare weight is 10 tonnes. What's your maximum payload?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: To work out your vehicle's payload, use the following formula: maximum authorised mass (MAM), minus tare weight, equals payload. This is the maximum weight your vehicle can carry.
Explanation: To work out your vehicle's payload, use the following formula: maximum authorised mass (MAM), minus tare weight, equals payload. This is the maximum weight your vehicle can carry.
24. When must you take extra care if you're driving a vehicle more than 3.0 metres (10 feet) high?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You must take care when approaching any hazard where height is limited. Know the height of your vehicle and what you can drive under safely. If you aren't sure that it's safe, take another route.
Explanation: You must take care when approaching any hazard where height is limited. Know the height of your vehicle and what you can drive under safely. If you aren't sure that it's safe, take another route.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If a height isn't shown on the bridge, the headroom [in the UK] will be at least 5 metres [16 feet 6 inches].
Explanation: If a height isn't shown on the bridge, the headroom [in the UK] will be at least 5 metres [16 feet 6 inches].
26. Under EU rules, a driver must take regular breaks from driving. What maximum period of continuous driving is allowed?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: It's essential that you don't become drowsy through driving for excessively long periods. EU rules are in place to prevent this. You must take a break after a maximum of 4.5 hours of continuous driving. Your work details must be available for inspection by enforcement staff. Make sure that you know the rules for the journey and the type of vehicle you're driving.
Explanation: It's essential that you don't become drowsy through driving for excessively long periods. EU rules are in place to prevent this. You must take a break after a maximum of 4.5 hours of continuous driving. Your work details must be available for inspection by enforcement staff. Make sure that you know the rules for the journey and the type of vehicle you're driving.
27. You've been driving non-stop since 5.00 am. The time is now 9.30 am. Under EU rules, what length of break must you take?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You must take an uninterrupted break of 45 minutes after four-and-a-half hours of driving. This break may be replaced by two shorter breaks of at least 15 and 30 minutes, taken in that order, during the four-and-a-half hours. During any break, you mustn't drive or do any other work.
Explanation: You must take an uninterrupted break of 45 minutes after four-and-a-half hours of driving. This break may be replaced by two shorter breaks of at least 15 and 30 minutes, taken in that order, during the four-and-a-half hours. During any break, you mustn't drive or do any other work.
28. Your vehicle is fitted with an analogue tachograph. What should you do if you need to exceed the normal drivers' hours due to an emergency?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: In an emergency, you may exceed the drivers' hours rules. As long as road safety isn't put at risk, you can drive for longer to deliver your passengers, your vehicle or its load to safety. In these circumstances, you should note all the reasons on the back of your tachograph chart.
Explanation: In an emergency, you may exceed the drivers' hours rules. As long as road safety isn't put at risk, you can drive for longer to deliver your passengers, your vehicle or its load to safety. In these circumstances, you should note all the reasons on the back of your tachograph chart.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Tiredness will affect your concentration. Don't allow yourself to become tired through not taking proper breaks or rest periods. As a professional driver, you have a responsibility either for goods or for passengers, as well as for overall road safety. Make sure your vehicle is well ventilated, so you don't become drowsy between rest periods.
Explanation: Tiredness will affect your concentration. Don't allow yourself to become tired through not taking proper breaks or rest periods. As a professional driver, you have a responsibility either for goods or for passengers, as well as for overall road safety. Make sure your vehicle is well ventilated, so you don't become drowsy between rest periods.
30. You're trying to resuscitate a casualty who isn't breathing. For how long should you continue?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: If you're trying to resuscitate someone, it's important that you don't give up on them. Make sure that someone has called the emergency services and continue trying to resuscitate the casualty until medical help arrives.
Explanation: If you're trying to resuscitate someone, it's important that you don't give up on them. Make sure that someone has called the emergency services and continue trying to resuscitate the casualty until medical help arrives.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: If you're trying to resuscitate a casualty, don't give up until medical help arrives. Never assume that someone's dead. People who aren't breathing can survive longer than you may imagine when given chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
Explanation: If you're trying to resuscitate a casualty, don't give up until medical help arrives. Never assume that someone's dead. People who aren't breathing can survive longer than you may imagine when given chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
32. At an incident, you suspect a casualty has back injuries. What's the best way to help them?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: If you attempt to move a casualty who has a spinal injury, it could cause further damage. Make sure an ambulance has been called for and talk to the casualty to keep them calm.
Explanation: If you attempt to move a casualty who has a spinal injury, it could cause further damage. Make sure an ambulance has been called for and talk to the casualty to keep them calm.
33. You're checking your vehicle's tyres before starting a long motorway journey. What check should be made on each tyre?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: All tyres must be properly inflated and in good condition. Tyre failure on a motorway can have serious consequences. This can be avoided by checking your tyres at the start of each journey.
Explanation: All tyres must be properly inflated and in good condition. Tyre failure on a motorway can have serious consequences. This can be avoided by checking your tyres at the start of each journey.
34. You're driving along a motorway. What should you do if the air-pressure warning device starts to operate?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If the air-pressure warning activates, you should have enough air to allow you to stop safely on the hard shoulder. Don't delay stopping, as further loss of air may cause the brakes to lock on. Switch on the hazard warning lights. Use the nearest emergency telephone to call for assistance.
Explanation: If the air-pressure warning activates, you should have enough air to allow you to stop safely on the hard shoulder. Don't delay stopping, as further loss of air may cause the brakes to lock on. Switch on the hazard warning lights. Use the nearest emergency telephone to call for assistance.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: It's an offence to leave a vehicle unattended on a public road with the engine running. Take care if you have to open the cab door directly into the road. Look for passing traffic - especially cyclists or motorcyclists - that may not be visible in your mirrors.
Explanation: It's an offence to leave a vehicle unattended on a public road with the engine running. Take care if you have to open the cab door directly into the road. Look for passing traffic - especially cyclists or motorcyclists - that may not be visible in your mirrors.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If you intend to turn right, check your right-hand (offside) mirror first. All of your mirrors should be properly adjusted to give a clear view around and behind your vehicle. They should be kept clean at all times and shouldn't be cracked or broken.
Explanation: If you intend to turn right, check your right-hand (offside) mirror first. All of your mirrors should be properly adjusted to give a clear view around and behind your vehicle. They should be kept clean at all times and shouldn't be cracked or broken.
37. The MSM routine should be used when you negotiate a hazard. What do the initials MSM stand for?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Always use the MSM routine when you're approaching a hazard.
M - Mirrors: check the position of the traffic behind you..
S - Signal: signal your intention to slow down or change course in good time..
M - Manoeuvre: a manoeuvre is any change in position, from slowing or stopping the vehicle to turning off a busy road.
Explanation: Always use the MSM routine when you're approaching a hazard.
M - Mirrors: check the position of the traffic behind you..
S - Signal: signal your intention to slow down or change course in good time..
M - Manoeuvre: a manoeuvre is any change in position, from slowing or stopping the vehicle to turning off a busy road.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: When making a left turn with a long vehicle, you may have to adopt an unusual position, well over to the centre of the road. Always signal your intentions in good time, and make good use of the mirrors, especially the left-hand one. Be alert for less experienced road users putting themselves in danger by coming up on your nearside.
Explanation: When making a left turn with a long vehicle, you may have to adopt an unusual position, well over to the centre of the road. Always signal your intentions in good time, and make good use of the mirrors, especially the left-hand one. Be alert for less experienced road users putting themselves in danger by coming up on your nearside.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Lorries and buses are much heavier than cars and will have a greater impact on the road surface.
Explanation: Lorries and buses are much heavier than cars and will have a greater impact on the road surface.
40. You're following a lorry that's leaking fuel. What should you be especially aware of?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Leaking fuel can make the road extremely slippery. Look out for this, particularly on roundabouts.
Explanation: Leaking fuel can make the road extremely slippery. Look out for this, particularly on roundabouts.
Correct Answer: B 
Explanation: Stopping where you see this sign is likely to cause an obstruction, which could lead to traffic delays. Obeying the sign will help keep the traffic flowing.
Explanation: Stopping where you see this sign is likely to cause an obstruction, which could lead to traffic delays. Obeying the sign will help keep the traffic flowing.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Sometimes, drivers or riders use arm signals as well as direction indicators and brake lights; for example, in bright sunshine or when approaching a zebra crossing. Using the arm signals shown in The Highway Code can help other road users to understand your intentions.
Explanation: Sometimes, drivers or riders use arm signals as well as direction indicators and brake lights; for example, in bright sunshine or when approaching a zebra crossing. Using the arm signals shown in The Highway Code can help other road users to understand your intentions.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: When you see this sign, reduce your speed. You may well have to stop at the level crossing, or there may already be traffic queuing ahead.
Explanation: When you see this sign, reduce your speed. You may well have to stop at the level crossing, or there may already be traffic queuing ahead.
44. Under EU rules, you may drive for up to nine hours a day. What maximum may this be increased to on two days of the week?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: You're permitted to extend the daily limit of nine hours to 10 hours twice a week. Don't drive for more than the maximum hours allowed, as you risk a heavy fine and may lose your licence.
Explanation: You're permitted to extend the daily limit of nine hours to 10 hours twice a week. Don't drive for more than the maximum hours allowed, as you risk a heavy fine and may lose your licence.
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A warning-lights check is sometimes performed automatically when the ignition is switched on. However, you may need to do this manually by operating a separate check switch. Never start a journey without carrying out this check. If there's a problem, have it repaired before you set off.
Explanation: A warning-lights check is sometimes performed automatically when the ignition is switched on. However, you may need to do this manually by operating a separate check switch. Never start a journey without carrying out this check. If there's a problem, have it repaired before you set off.
46. You're driving through the night. What could it mean if your steering feels lighter than normal?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: When you're in a warm cab, you may not notice the drop in outside temperature. One of the first signs of an icy road is a lack of 'feel' in the steering. If this happens, slow down and increase the distance between your vehicle and the one in front.
Explanation: When you're in a warm cab, you may not notice the drop in outside temperature. One of the first signs of an icy road is a lack of 'feel' in the steering. If this happens, slow down and increase the distance between your vehicle and the one in front.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Oil is vital for lubrication of the engine. It should be checked regularly and topped up as necessary. You should always check your engine's oil level when the engine is cold and your vehicle is parked on the level.
Explanation: Oil is vital for lubrication of the engine. It should be checked regularly and topped up as necessary. You should always check your engine's oil level when the engine is cold and your vehicle is parked on the level.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: In shopping areas, pedestrians frequently want to cross the road. They may be hidden by parked vehicles before stepping out into your path. Keep your speed down and be aware of the risk of pedestrians suddenly walking into the road.
Explanation: In shopping areas, pedestrians frequently want to cross the road. They may be hidden by parked vehicles before stepping out into your path. Keep your speed down and be aware of the risk of pedestrians suddenly walking into the road.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The hiss of air-assisted mechanisms, as well as engine noise, can easily startle horses. Keep the noise to a minimum by gentle use of the brakes and, if necessary, stopping and turning your engine off.
Explanation: The hiss of air-assisted mechanisms, as well as engine noise, can easily startle horses. Keep the noise to a minimum by gentle use of the brakes and, if necessary, stopping and turning your engine off.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Always keep your speed down as you approach a zebra crossing. This will allow you to stop safely if necessary. Look well ahead for anyone about to reach the crossing or waiting to cross.
Explanation: Always keep your speed down as you approach a zebra crossing. This will allow you to stop safely if necessary. Look well ahead for anyone about to reach the crossing or waiting to cross.
51. You're driving a high-sided vehicle in very windy conditions. Where should you avoid travelling?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: In windy weather, try to avoid routes where you would have to drive across suspension bridges and other exposed stretches of road. Plan a route that takes you across lower ground and where you'll be less exposed.
Explanation: In windy weather, try to avoid routes where you would have to drive across suspension bridges and other exposed stretches of road. Plan a route that takes you across lower ground and where you'll be less exposed.
52. You're driving in heavy rain. What should you do if your steering suddenly feels very light?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In wet conditions, water can build up between your tyres and the road surface. This is known as aquaplaning and it will cause your vehicle to slide. Try to regain control by easing off the accelerator to gradually lose speed. Don't brake or steer until your tyres are gripping the road again.
Explanation: In wet conditions, water can build up between your tyres and the road surface. This is known as aquaplaning and it will cause your vehicle to slide. Try to regain control by easing off the accelerator to gradually lose speed. Don't brake or steer until your tyres are gripping the road again.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Where a motorway has a long or steep gradient, slow-moving large vehicles might get in the way of other traffic. To help the traffic flow, an extra lane - called a crawler lane - is sometimes found on these gradients. This helps the traffic to flow by providing the slower heavy vehicles with a dedicated lane on the left.
Explanation: Where a motorway has a long or steep gradient, slow-moving large vehicles might get in the way of other traffic. To help the traffic flow, an extra lane - called a crawler lane - is sometimes found on these gradients. This helps the traffic to flow by providing the slower heavy vehicles with a dedicated lane on the left.
54. Your vehicle is fitted with a reverse warning bleeper. How will this affect you when you're reversing?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The reverse warning bleeper is fitted to your vehicle to warn others near the vehicle that it's reversing. However, it's no substitute for good all-round observation. Get someone to guide you if you can't see clearly where you're reversing.
Explanation: The reverse warning bleeper is fitted to your vehicle to warn others near the vehicle that it's reversing. However, it's no substitute for good all-round observation. Get someone to guide you if you can't see clearly where you're reversing.
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You don't know what the driver of this car will do. Be prepared for any hazard. The driver may not have seen you. Planning ahead will allow you to be in the correct gear and at the correct speed to cope if this hazard develops.
Explanation: You don't know what the driver of this car will do. Be prepared for any hazard. The driver may not have seen you. Planning ahead will allow you to be in the correct gear and at the correct speed to cope if this hazard develops.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You should be aware that motorcyclists are likely to be affected by side wind and can be blown into your path. Adjust your speed so that you can stop or take avoiding action safely if necessary.
Explanation: You should be aware that motorcyclists are likely to be affected by side wind and can be blown into your path. Adjust your speed so that you can stop or take avoiding action safely if necessary.
57. You've stopped on a firm, level surface. What's the first thing you must do before you uncouple the trailer?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Before leaving the cab, it's very important to secure the vehicle by applying the parking brake. After leaving the cab, apply the trailer parking brake.
Explanation: Before leaving the cab, it's very important to secure the vehicle by applying the parking brake. After leaving the cab, apply the trailer parking brake.
58. High-sided vehicles can be affected by side wind. On which type of road is this most likely?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: You should take account of the weather forecast when you plan your route. You're most likely to be subjected to side wind on exposed routes; for example, on long bridges, open roads and exposed stretches of motorway.
Explanation: You should take account of the weather forecast when you plan your route. You're most likely to be subjected to side wind on exposed routes; for example, on long bridges, open roads and exposed stretches of motorway.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Driving slowly will give you better control of your vehicle. By using a high gear, you reduce the chance of your wheels spinning and skidding on the snow.
Explanation: Driving slowly will give you better control of your vehicle. By using a high gear, you reduce the chance of your wheels spinning and skidding on the snow.
60. It's very windy and you're overtaking a motorcyclist on a motorway. What should you be aware of that may cause them problems?
Mark one answer
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D
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Give them plenty of room. Watch carefully in your nearside mirror, as the high winds and the buffeting effect from your vehicle may blow them off course.
Explanation: Give them plenty of room. Watch carefully in your nearside mirror, as the high winds and the buffeting effect from your vehicle may blow them off course.
61. What's the minimum distance you should allow for braking when it's raining heavily?
Mark one answer
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D
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: If you're travelling in heavy rain, you should be aware that it could take twice as long for you to stop as it would in dry weather. Increase your distance from the vehicle in front to allow for the longer stopping distance.
Explanation: If you're travelling in heavy rain, you should be aware that it could take twice as long for you to stop as it would in dry weather. Increase your distance from the vehicle in front to allow for the longer stopping distance.
62. What's the greatest risk to your safety when you're overtaking on a motorway in very wet weather?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: In very wet conditions, tyres may be unable to clear all the water from their path. This can result in a layer of water building up between the road and the tyre - a situation known as aquaplaning. To regain control, ease off the accelerator and, as the vehicle slows, the tyres should regain their grip. It's safer to reduce the risk of aquaplaning occurring by driving more slowly in very wet weather.
Explanation: In very wet conditions, tyres may be unable to clear all the water from their path. This can result in a layer of water building up between the road and the tyre - a situation known as aquaplaning. To regain control, ease off the accelerator and, as the vehicle slows, the tyres should regain their grip. It's safer to reduce the risk of aquaplaning occurring by driving more slowly in very wet weather.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The brushes are part of a spray-suppression system. They reduce the amount of water thrown up at the sides and rear of the vehicle. Check them regularly for security. If they become worn, make sure they're replaced.
Explanation: The brushes are part of a spray-suppression system. They reduce the amount of water thrown up at the sides and rear of the vehicle. Check them regularly for security. If they become worn, make sure they're replaced.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: It's important to use a low gear and keep the engine speed high to prevent water from entering the engine through the exhaust system. In these circumstances, it may be necessary to slip the clutch to keep the road speed as low as possible.
Explanation: It's important to use a low gear and keep the engine speed high to prevent water from entering the engine through the exhaust system. In these circumstances, it may be necessary to slip the clutch to keep the road speed as low as possible.
65. You're driving down a long hill. What should you use to prevent the brakes from overheating?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Endurance brakes or 'retarders' help to control a vehicle's speed. They operate by applying resistance to slow the vehicle without using the wheel brakes, so avoiding brake fade. The methods used include: increased engine braking, exhaust braking and transmission-mounted devices.
Explanation: Endurance brakes or 'retarders' help to control a vehicle's speed. They operate by applying resistance to slow the vehicle without using the wheel brakes, so avoiding brake fade. The methods used include: increased engine braking, exhaust braking and transmission-mounted devices.
66. You're following a car being driven slowly by a learner driver. What should you do if it isn't safe to overtake it?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Learner drivers are often nervous. If you stay well back, this will reduce the risk of incidents occurring if they make a mistake, and you won't intimidate them. Remember, you were once in that situation yourself.
Explanation: Learner drivers are often nervous. If you stay well back, this will reduce the risk of incidents occurring if they make a mistake, and you won't intimidate them. Remember, you were once in that situation yourself.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Don't park where you would endanger or inconvenience others. If your choice of parking place obstructs drivers, riders or pedestrians, move to a more suitable area.
Explanation: Don't park where you would endanger or inconvenience others. If your choice of parking place obstructs drivers, riders or pedestrians, move to a more suitable area.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Tiredness can seriously affect your concentration - even to the point of falling asleep. You always need to be alert so that you can safely deal with the constantly changing environment around your vehicle.
Explanation: Tiredness can seriously affect your concentration - even to the point of falling asleep. You always need to be alert so that you can safely deal with the constantly changing environment around your vehicle.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Avoiding alcohol will always be the safest option. There are many factors that influence how alcohol will affect you, such as height, weight and gender. It's better not to risk a single alcoholic drink before you drive.
Explanation: Avoiding alcohol will always be the safest option. There are many factors that influence how alcohol will affect you, such as height, weight and gender. It's better not to risk a single alcoholic drink before you drive.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: On a motorway where there's a long uphill gradient, there may be a crawler lane. This helps the traffic to flow by making an extra lane available on the left for slower, heavy vehicles.
Explanation: On a motorway where there's a long uphill gradient, there may be a crawler lane. This helps the traffic to flow by making an extra lane available on the left for slower, heavy vehicles.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: When you have to straddle the lanes at small roundabouts or junctions, always signal in good time. Be alert for inexperienced road users who may, without realising, put themselves into a dangerous position.
Explanation: When you have to straddle the lanes at small roundabouts or junctions, always signal in good time. Be alert for inexperienced road users who may, without realising, put themselves into a dangerous position.
72. You're turning left from a main road into a side road. What should you do if people are already crossing the road into which you're turning?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Approaching a junction at the correct speed will allow you enough time to observe and react. Pedestrians crossing here have priority and you must give way to them.
Explanation: Approaching a junction at the correct speed will allow you enough time to observe and react. Pedestrians crossing here have priority and you must give way to them.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Vehicles that are used to carry children to and from school will be travelling at busy times of the day. Be prepared for a vehicle with this sign to make frequent stops. It might pick up or set down passengers in places other than normal bus stops.
Explanation: Vehicles that are used to carry children to and from school will be travelling at busy times of the day. Be prepared for a vehicle with this sign to make frequent stops. It might pick up or set down passengers in places other than normal bus stops.
74. You're approaching a roundabout. What should you do if you see a cyclist signalling to turn right?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Leave plenty of room if you're following a cyclist who's signalling to turn right at a roundabout. Give them space and time to get into the correct lane.
Explanation: Leave plenty of room if you're following a cyclist who's signalling to turn right at a roundabout. Give them space and time to get into the correct lane.
75. Why do motorcyclists often look over their right shoulder just before turning right?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Expect a motorcyclist who makes a quick glance over their shoulder to be changing direction. They should do this before turning. By observing this, you'll get an early clue of their intention.
Explanation: Expect a motorcyclist who makes a quick glance over their shoulder to be changing direction. They should do this before turning. By observing this, you'll get an early clue of their intention.
76. What action should you take if there are flashing amber lights under a school warning sign?
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The flashing amber lights are switched on to warn you that children may be crossing near a school. Drive slowly and be prepared for children running into the road.
Explanation: The flashing amber lights are switched on to warn you that children may be crossing near a school. Drive slowly and be prepared for children running into the road.
77. You're following two cyclists as they approach a roundabout in the left-hand lane. In which direction should you expect them to go?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: If you're following cyclists onto a roundabout, be aware that they might not take the exit you expect. Cyclists approaching in the left-hand lane could be turning right but may not have been able to get into the right-hand lane. Give them plenty of room.
Explanation: If you're following cyclists onto a roundabout, be aware that they might not take the exit you expect. Cyclists approaching in the left-hand lane could be turning right but may not have been able to get into the right-hand lane. Give them plenty of room.
B
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: White reflective studs separate each of the lanes. Red studs mark the left-hand edge of the carriageway, where the hard shoulder begins.
Explanation: White reflective studs separate each of the lanes. Red studs mark the left-hand edge of the carriageway, where the hard shoulder begins.
79. While driving at night, you see a pedestrian ahead. What does it mean if they're wearing reflective clothing and carrying a red light?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pedestrians who are part of an organised walk using the road at night should wear bright or reflective clothing. The walker in front should display a white light, while the one at the back should display a red light. Be particularly careful, slow down and give the walkers plenty of room.
Explanation: Pedestrians who are part of an organised walk using the road at night should wear bright or reflective clothing. The walker in front should display a white light, while the one at the back should display a red light. Be particularly careful, slow down and give the walkers plenty of room.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: At hump bridges, there's a risk of long vehicles grounding. If you aren't sure whether the floor of your vehicle will clear the bridge, find another route.
Explanation: At hump bridges, there's a risk of long vehicles grounding. If you aren't sure whether the floor of your vehicle will clear the bridge, find another route.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Drinking alcohol will reduce your ability to drive safely. One drink is too many if you're going to drive.
Explanation: Drinking alcohol will reduce your ability to drive safely. One drink is too many if you're going to drive.
82. What should you do if you see a lorry too close behind when you're driving in traffic on the motorway?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The faster the traffic is moving, the greater the distance that needs to be kept between vehicles to maintain safety margins. If you find another vehicle driving too close behind you, gradually reduce your speed to increase your distance from the vehicle in front. You'll then be able to brake more gently when you need to, reducing the likelihood of the lorry behind running into the back of your vehicle.
Explanation: The faster the traffic is moving, the greater the distance that needs to be kept between vehicles to maintain safety margins. If you find another vehicle driving too close behind you, gradually reduce your speed to increase your distance from the vehicle in front. You'll then be able to brake more gently when you need to, reducing the likelihood of the lorry behind running into the back of your vehicle.
83. You're driving on a motorway. What colour are the reflective studs on the right-hand edge of the carriageway?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Reflective studs on motorways and dual carriageways are provided to help drivers in bad visibility. Reflective studs are coloured
Explanation: Reflective studs on motorways and dual carriageways are provided to help drivers in bad visibility. Reflective studs are coloured
- red on the left-hand edge of the carriageway
- white to indicate lane markings
- green at slip roads and lay-bys
- amber on the right-hand edge of the carriageway, marking the central reservation.
B
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If you're involved in an incident in a tunnel, be aware of the danger this can cause to other traffic. You should immediately switch on your hazard warning lights and switch off your engine.
Explanation: If you're involved in an incident in a tunnel, be aware of the danger this can cause to other traffic. You should immediately switch on your hazard warning lights and switch off your engine.
B
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: If your vehicle catches fire in a tunnel and it can't be driven, stop on the side of the road, as far away from passing traffic as possible. Turn off the engine and warn other traffic by switching on your hazard warning lights.
Explanation: If your vehicle catches fire in a tunnel and it can't be driven, stop on the side of the road, as far away from passing traffic as possible. Turn off the engine and warn other traffic by switching on your hazard warning lights.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The vehicle handbook will clearly explain what maintenance may be carried out by the driver. Always refer to it and comply with the safety guidance that it contains. However, you need to be aware of your employer's policy on making any minor repairs.
Explanation: The vehicle handbook will clearly explain what maintenance may be carried out by the driver. Always refer to it and comply with the safety guidance that it contains. However, you need to be aware of your employer's policy on making any minor repairs.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Don't drive without a fuel filler cap in place, as fuel could spill onto the road, especially when you're cornering or turning at a roundabout. Diesel fuel will make the road surface extremely slippery. Any spillage should be reported, so that the emergency services can make the road safe.
Explanation: Don't drive without a fuel filler cap in place, as fuel could spill onto the road, especially when you're cornering or turning at a roundabout. Diesel fuel will make the road surface extremely slippery. Any spillage should be reported, so that the emergency services can make the road safe.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Four amber lights flash in alternate horizontal pairs to provide a warning and to draw the driver's attention to the message displayed.
Explanation: Four amber lights flash in alternate horizontal pairs to provide a warning and to draw the driver's attention to the message displayed.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A SORN allows you to keep a vehicle off the road and untaxed. The SORN remains valid until the vehicle is taxed, sold or scrapped. If you buy a vehicle that has a SORN, the SORN will finish as soon as you buy it. You'll need to make a new SORN if you want to keep the vehicle off the road and untaxed.
Explanation: A SORN allows you to keep a vehicle off the road and untaxed. The SORN remains valid until the vehicle is taxed, sold or scrapped. If you buy a vehicle that has a SORN, the SORN will finish as soon as you buy it. You'll need to make a new SORN if you want to keep the vehicle off the road and untaxed.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: When a smart motorway is in operation, you must follow the instructions shown on the gantries above each lane. There may also be instructions above the hard shoulder. The signals displayed are mandatory and may be enforced with camera technology.
Explanation: When a smart motorway is in operation, you must follow the instructions shown on the gantries above each lane. There may also be instructions above the hard shoulder. The signals displayed are mandatory and may be enforced with camera technology.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Print or write down your route before setting out. Some places aren't well signed, so using both place names and road numbers may help you avoid getting lost. Find out how far you'll be travelling and plan your rest stops into the route.
Explanation: Print or write down your route before setting out. Some places aren't well signed, so using both place names and road numbers may help you avoid getting lost. Find out how far you'll be travelling and plan your rest stops into the route.
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Water is the ideal drink, because it quenches your thirst for longer than tea or coffee. It's a good idea to carry water when you're driving, especially in very hot weather. The medical profession recommends that you drink 1.5 to 2 litres of water per day.
Explanation: Water is the ideal drink, because it quenches your thirst for longer than tea or coffee. It's a good idea to carry water when you're driving, especially in very hot weather. The medical profession recommends that you drink 1.5 to 2 litres of water per day.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Drivers are required to take 35 hours of training every five years to maintain their Driver CPC. This can be split into shorter sessions of at least seven hours each. These can be spread over the five years, so effectively one day's training is taken each year. The penalties for non-compliance are the same as those for driving without a licence.
Explanation: Drivers are required to take 35 hours of training every five years to maintain their Driver CPC. This can be split into shorter sessions of at least seven hours each. These can be spread over the five years, so effectively one day's training is taken each year. The penalties for non-compliance are the same as those for driving without a licence.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: There's a particular risk when driving between 2 am and 7 am. This is when the 'body clock' is programmed for sleep in most people. There's another, smaller, dip between 2 pm and 4 pm. If you feel that tiredness is affecting your ability to drive, stop in a safe place and rest.
Explanation: There's a particular risk when driving between 2 am and 7 am. This is when the 'body clock' is programmed for sleep in most people. There's another, smaller, dip between 2 pm and 4 pm. If you feel that tiredness is affecting your ability to drive, stop in a safe place and rest.
95. Your vehicle is fitted with air brakes. What does it mean if a brake warning light shows when you've just started the engine?
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: It's dangerous to drive a vehicle with low air pressure. To alert you to this, all vehicles are fitted with a warning light and/or buzzer. Don't move your vehicle if this warning shows or sounds.
Explanation: It's dangerous to drive a vehicle with low air pressure. To alert you to this, all vehicles are fitted with a warning light and/or buzzer. Don't move your vehicle if this warning shows or sounds.
96. Your vehicle is fitted with air-assisted hydraulic brakes. What fault would you suspect if the brake pedal becomes hard to press?
Mark one answer
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Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A fault in the vacuum pump could be the cause of a stiff brake pedal. There could also be a leaking connection allowing air into the vacuum. Don't continue your journey until the fault has been fixed.
Explanation: A fault in the vacuum pump could be the cause of a stiff brake pedal. There could also be a leaking connection allowing air into the vacuum. Don't continue your journey until the fault has been fixed.
97. What benefit is expected to come from having a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC) qualification?
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The Driver CPC qualification and training syllabus is designed to lead to enhanced professionalism and improvements in road safety. Other expected benefits are a general reduction in fuel consumption and emissions, resulting from a better knowledge of ecosafe driving techniques.
Explanation: The Driver CPC qualification and training syllabus is designed to lead to enhanced professionalism and improvements in road safety. Other expected benefits are a general reduction in fuel consumption and emissions, resulting from a better knowledge of ecosafe driving techniques.
98. You're driving under EU drivers' hours. How is a week defined under these rules?
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Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The rules define a week as a period between 00.00 hours on Monday and 24.00 hours the following Sunday. You must make sure that you don't exceed any weekly driving limit.
Explanation: The rules define a week as a period between 00.00 hours on Monday and 24.00 hours the following Sunday. You must make sure that you don't exceed any weekly driving limit.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The operator must have a system in place so that drivers can report defects and have them repaired properly.
Explanation: The operator must have a system in place so that drivers can report defects and have them repaired properly.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: An analogue tachograph must be checked every two years and recalibrated every six years. A plaque on or near the tachograph will show when it was last checked.
Explanation: An analogue tachograph must be checked every two years and recalibrated every six years. A plaque on or near the tachograph will show when it was last checked.